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In visual basic, Access Modifiers are the keywords and those are useful to define an accessibility level for all the types and type members.
By specifying the access level for all the types and type members, we can control whether they can be accessed in other classes or in current assembly or in other assemblies based on our requirements.
The following are the different types of access modifiers available in a visual basic programming language.
- Friend (internal in c#)
By using these four access modifiers, we can specify a following six levels of accessibility for all types and type members based on our requirements.
Access Modifier | Description |
---|---|
Public | It is used to specifies that access is not restricted. |
Private | It is used to specifies that access is limited to the containing type. |
Protected | It is used to specifies that the access is limited to the containing type or types derived from the containing class. |
Friend (internal) | It is used to specifies that access is limited to the current assembly. |
Protected Friend | It is used to specifies that access is limited to the current assembly or types derived from the containing class. |
Generally, in visual basic only one access modifier is allowed to use with any member or type, except when we use Protected Friend combination.
In visual basic, we are not allowed to use any access modifiers on namespaces, because the namespaces have no access restrictions.
Only certain access modifiers are allowed to specify based on the context in which the member declaration occurs. In case, if we didn’t mention any access modifiers during the member declaration, then the default access modifiers will be used depending on the member declaration context.
For example, the top-level types which are not nested in any other types can only have Public
or Friend
accessibility. The default accessibility for top-level types is Friend
.
Visual Basic Public Access Modifier
In visual basic, Public
modifier is useful to specify that access is not restricted, so the defined type or member can be accessed by any other code in the current assembly or another assembly that references it.
Following is the example of defining members with Public
modifier in a visual basic programming language.
Module Module1
ClassUser
Public Name AsString
Public Location AsString
Public Age AsInteger
PublicSub GetUserDetails()
Console.WriteLine('Name: {0}', Name)
Console.WriteLine('Location: {0}', Location)
Console.WriteLine('Age: {0}', Age)
EndSub
EndClass
Sub Main()
Dim u AsUser = NewUser()
u.Name = 'Suresh Dasari'
u.Location = 'Hyderabad'
u.Age = 32
u.GetUserDetails()
Console.WriteLine(vbLf & 'Press Enter Key to Exit.')
Console.ReadLine()
EndSub
EndModule
If you observe the above example, we defined a Userclass with required variables and method using Public
access modifier and trying to access those variables and method in another class with an object reference of Userclass.
When we execute the above visual basic program, we will get the result as shown below.
If you observe the above result, we are able to access the variables and methods of Userclass in another class because of specifying with Public
specifier based on our requirements.
As discussed, the Public
access specifier will make all the defined members or types available to all the types in our application.
Visual Basic Private Access Modifier
In visual basic, Private
modifier is useful to specify that access is limited to the containing type so the defined type or member can only be accessed by the code in the same class or structure.
Following is the example of defining members with Private
modifier in a visual basic programming language.
Module Module1
ClassUser
Private Name AsString
Private Location AsString
Private Age AsInteger
PrivateSub GetUserDetails()
Console.WriteLine('Name: {0}', Name)
Console.WriteLine('Location: {0}', Location)
Console.WriteLine('Age: {0}', Age)
EndSub
EndClass
Sub Main()
Dim u AsUser = NewUser()
' Complie-time Error
' These are inaccessible due to private specifier
u.Name = 'Suresh Dasari'
u.Location = 'Hyderabad'
u.Age = 32
u.GetUserDetails()
Console.WriteLine(vbLf & 'Press Enter Key to Exit.')
Console.ReadLine()
EndSub
EndModule
If you observe the above example, we defined a Userclass with required variables and method using Private
access modifier and trying to access those variables and method in another class with an object reference of Userclass.
When we execute the above visual basic program, we will get compile-time errors like as shown below.
If you observe the above result, we got the compile-time error because the Private
modifier members of Userclass referred in another class.
As discussed, the Private
modifier type or member can be accessed only by the code within the same class or structure.
Visual Basic Protected Access Modifier
In visual basic, Protected
modifier is useful to specify that access is limited to the containing type or types derived from the containing class so the type or member can only be accessed by code within the same class or in a derived class.
Following is the example of defining members with Protected
modifier in a visual basic programming language.
Module Module1
ClassUser
Protected Name AsString
Protected Location AsString
Protected Age AsInteger
ProtectedSub GetUserDetails()
Console.WriteLine('Name: {0}', Name)
Console.WriteLine('Location: {0}', Location)
Console.WriteLine('Age: {0}', Age)
EndSub
EndClass
Sub Main()
Dim u AsUser = NewUser()
' Complie-time Error
' These are inaccessible due to protected specifier
u.Name = 'Suresh Dasari'
u.Location = 'Hyderabad'
u.Age = 32
u.GetUserDetails()
Console.WriteLine(vbLf & 'Press Enter Key to Exit.')
Console.ReadLine()
EndSub
EndModule
If you observe the above example, we defined a Userclass with required variables and method using Protected
access modifier and trying to access those variables and method in another class with an object reference of Userclass.
When we execute the above visual basic program, we will get compile-time errors like as shown below.
If you observe the above result, we got a compile-time error because the Protected
modifier members of Userclass referred in another class.
As discussed, the Protected
members of a base class can be accessible in a derived class, only when access occurs through the derived class type.
Following is the example of accessing a base classProtected
members in derived class through derived class type.
Class User
Protected Name AsString
Protected Location AsString
Protected Age AsInteger
ProtectedSub GetUserDetails()
Console.WriteLine('Name: {0}', Name)
Console.WriteLine('Location: {0}', Location)
Console.WriteLine('Age: {0}', Age)
EndSub
EndClass
Class Details
InheritsUser
PublicSharedSub Main()
Visual Basic Code For Access
Dim u AsUser = NewUser()
Dim d AsDetails = NewDetails() Adobe illustrator zii.
' Complier Error
' protected members can only accessible with derived classes
' u.Name = 'Suresh Dasari';
d.Name = 'Suresh Dasari'
d.Location = 'Hyderabad'
d.Age = 32
d.GetUserDetails()
Console.WriteLine(vbLf & 'Press Enter Key to Exit.')
Console.ReadLine()
EndSub
EndClass
If you observe the above example, we are accessing base class (User) Protected
members using the reference of derived class (Details) and if we uncomment the commented code we will get a compile-time error because we are trying to access the protected members with base class (User) reference instead of derived class (Details).
When we execute the above visual basic program, we will get the result as shown below.
This is how we can use Protected
modifier in our visual basic applications to limit access of type or member in the same class or derived class based on our requirements.
Protected
because the structure cannot be inherited.Visual Basic Friend Access Modifier
In visual basic, Friend
modifier is useful to specify that access is limited to the current assembly so the type or member can be accessed by any code in the same assembly, but not from another assembly.
Following is the example of defining members with Friend
modifier in a visual basic programming language.
Module Module1
ClassUser
Friend Name AsString
Friend Location AsString
Friend Age AsInteger
Visual Basic Code Examples For Access Code
FriendSub GetUserDetails()
Console.WriteLine('Name: {0}', Name)
Console.WriteLine('Location: {0}', Location)
Console.WriteLine('Age: {0}', Age)
EndSub
EndClass
Sub Main()
Dim u AsUser = NewUser()
u.Name = 'Suresh Dasari'
u.Name = 'Suresh Dasari'
u.Location = 'Hyderabad'
u.Age = 32
u.GetUserDetails()
Sleeping dogs 1.8 update skidrow. Console.WriteLine(vbLf & 'Press Enter Key to Exit.')
Console.ReadLine()
Examples Of Visual Basic Code
EndSub
EndModule
If you observe the above example, we defined a Userclass with required variables and method using Friend
access modifier and trying to access those variables and method in another class with an object reference of Userclass.
Visual Basic Source Code Examples
When we execute the above visual basic program, we will get the result as shown below.
If you observe the above result, we are able to access the variables and methods of Userclass in another class because of specifying with Friend
specifier based on our requirements.
As discussed, in visual basic the Friend
type or members are accessible within the files of the same assembly.
Visual Basic Protected Friend Access Modifier
In visual basic, the Protected Friend
modifier is useful to specify that access is limited to the current assembly or types derived from the containing class. So, the type or member can be accessed by any code in the same assembly or by any derived class in another assembly.
Following is the example of defining members with Protected Friend
modifier in a visual basic programming language.
Module Module1
ClassUser
ProtectedFriend Name AsString
ProtectedFriend Location AsString
ProtectedFriend Age AsInteger
ProtectedFriendSub GetUserDetails()
Console.WriteLine('Name: {0}', Name)
Console.WriteLine('Location: {0}', Location)
Console.WriteLine('Age: {0}', Age)
EndSub
Using Visual Basic In Access
EndClass
Sub Main()
Dim u AsUser = NewUser()
u.Name = 'Suresh Dasari'
u.Name = 'Suresh Dasari'
u.Location = 'Hyderabad'
u.Age = 32
u.GetUserDetails()
Console.WriteLine('Press Enter Key to Exit.')
Console.ReadLine()
EndSub
EndModule
If you observe the above example, we defined a Userclass with required variables and method using Protected Friend
access modifier and trying to access those variables and method in another class with an object reference of Userclass.
When we execute the above visual basic program, we will get the result as shown below.
If you observe the above result, we are able to access the variables and methods of Userclass in another class because of specifying with Friend
specifier based on our requirements.
As discussed, in visual basic the Protected Friend
type or members are accessible from the current assembly or from the types that are derived from the containing class in another assembly.